UIC Grad REquirements free essay sample

Computer science is both an excellent source of good Jobs and a powerful way to change the world. Here at IJIC, we have built a high-quality department with diverse educational and research opportunities for our students. Our interests and expertise span the broad field of computer science. Admissions to our BS, MS, and PhD programs are highly competitive. Our high-caliber students are served by an innovative curriculum, advanced computing laboratories, and an energetic and knowledgeable faculty. The combined expertise of our twenty-seven faculty members is extraordinary. Fourteen hold chief editorial positions or sit on boards of professional Journals, an extraordinary four are recipients of UlCs top teaching excellence award, and, perhaps most notably, eight have received prestigious National Science Foundation CAREER awards. Our faculty has grown; 11 have been hired since 2001. Additionally, our faculty is augmented by adjunct faculty appointments from other I-JIC departments including Bioengineering; Electrical and Computer Engineering; Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics; and Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. We will write a custom essay sample on UIC Grad REquirements or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page We see the value in fostering relationships with industry and actively procuring state and federal agency grants. As a result, our department is one ot the leading research units at IJIC, witn annual research funding exceeding $7 million. We emphasize both the discovery of core computer science knowledge in areas such s theory, artificial intelligence, databases, computer security, and software engineering, and the application of computer science to areas such as bioinformatics, gaming, learning environments, manufacturing, and transportation systems. We also actively engage in interdisciplinary, multi-institutional collaboration. For example, we conduct interdisciplinary research in computer graphics, human/computer interfaces, and advanced networking to create globally-connected visualization display hardware and software that enables collaboration among remote teams of cientists, engineers, industrial designers, and artists†positioning I-JIC as a leading university worldwide in highperformance computing research and education. We are proud to be a resource for the surrounding business and academic community, but most importantly, we serve the students who come to I-JIC seeking a quality education and access to advanced computing resources. Our academic programs are designed to prepare students for successful careers in a rapidly evolving discipline. We invite you to explore all the Department of Computer Science has to offer. Robert H. Sloan Professor and Head 5 Instructional Computing Facilities The Computer Science Department maintains an instructional computing facility and remote servers, which serve its students computing needs for CS coursework. The facility consists of the following machines: * 55 27 iMacs with Mac OSX 10. 6 snow Leopard * 15- Red Hat 5. 2 machines * 2 HP printers (CLI and ICL2) * 5 LCD monitors for student collaboration Remote Servers: * bert. s. uic. edu * ernie. cs. uic. edu Each new student is assigned a CS account which expires one year after graduation. The login names are posted in the lab and passwords are initially set to the students UIN. We highly encourage users to change their passwords after their initial login. * Students are given a space quota of 1 GB and print quota of 600 pag es/semester. Accounts can be accessed by logging on to the lab workstations or remote servers, allowing students the flexibility to complete their course work from the lab, home or work. The instructional laboratory is located on the 2nd floor of SEL (rooms 2250 and 2254). The labs are open Monday Friday 9am 9pm during the Fall and Spring semesters and the Summer session. In case of problems or error, please contact the lab consultant on duty or email [emailprotected] ic. edu. Department Computer Policy All users have the responsibility to use any CS computing services in an efficient, ethical and legal manner. Users of the CS computer facilities are expected to abide by the system, protect the work of students, staff, and faculty and preserve the right to access networks to which the University is connected. You will be assigned a CS computer account to access CS facilities. An individual password will access your account and it is against departmental policy to allow any other person to use your account. In addition, it is your responsibility to protect your account from nauthorized use by changing passwords periodically and using passwords that are not easy to crack. The University and authorized department representatives reserves the right to access your account and the system at any time at its sole discretion. The department requires you to identify yourself clearly and accurately in all electronic communications. Concealing or misrepresenting your name or affiliation to mask irresponsible or offensive behavior is a serious abuse. Using identifiers of other individuals as your own constitutes fraud. You are expected to take proper care of the equipment in CS facilities. Food, drink and smoking are not allowed in CS labs. Report any malfunction to the consultant on duty or send e-mail to [emailprotected] uic. edu. Do not attempt to move, repair, reconfgure, modify or attach external devices to the systems. Please note that CS computer laboratories can post additional operational rules and restrictions that are considered part of the CS computer policy. You are responsible for reading and abiding by these additional restrictions. Accept responsibility for your own work by learning appropriate uses of software to maintain the integrity of what you create. Keep archives and backup opies of important work. Learn and properly use the features for securing or sharing access to your files on any computer you use. While great effort is made to keep the contents of what you create, store and set to be seen only by those to whom you intend or give permission, the University cannot and does not guarantee the security of electronic files in its computer systems. These systems can sometimes be breached. Additionally, as specified above, the University reserves the right to access its computer systems, including your account, if it deems appropriate. You are expected to refrain from engaging in deliberate wasteful ractices such as sending chain letters through electronic mail, printing unnecessary computations or unnecessarily holding public terminals for long periods of time when others are waiting to use these resources. Computer use for course-related assignments takes priority over exploratory use. In addition, the department may restrict access to certain programs for security or administrative purposes. Users are responsible for complying with program restrictions, which may be amended at any time. Unauthorized transfer of copyrighted materials to or from the CS computer system without express consent of the owner is a violation of federal law. In addition, use of the Internet for commercial gain or profit is not allowed from an educational site. Use of electronic mail and other network communications facilities to harass, offend or annoy other users ot the network is torbi dden. All users need to be aware that obscene, defamatory or any other material that violates University policy on non- discrimination will not be tolerated on the CS computer system. The department will take whatever action is needed to prevent, correct or discipline behavior that violates this policy. Any attempt to circumvent system security, guess other passwords or in ny way gain unauthorized access to local or network resources is forbidden. Distributing passwords or otherwise attempting to evade, disable or crack passwords or other security provisions threatens the work of many others and is therefore grounds for immediate suspension of your privileges and possible expulsion from the department. You may not develop programs or use any mechanisms to alter or avoid accounting for the use of computing services or to employ means by which the facilities and systems are used anonymously or by means of an alias. 8 Violations of policy will be treated as academic, civil or criminal misconduct. In isciplining computer services and facilities violations, the department reserves the right to pursue all academic disciplinary measures available. Disciplinary measures may include warnings, suspension of computer privileges (temporary or permanent) or expulsion from the University. The department also reserves the right to immediately suspend user privileges for potential violations of these guidelines. Such action will be taken to protect the security and integrity of the CS computer system and will take precedence over its impact on an individuals work. The department will investigate apparent or alleged violations of these guidelines. When appropriate and at the discretion of the department, cases of apparent abuse will be reported to the Vice Chancellor of Student Affairs (student cases) or the Vice Chancellor for Human Resources (faculty and staff cases). These offices are responsible for determining any further disciplinary actions. The University may also pursue civil and/or criminal charges if it deems appropriate. Issues concerning these guidelines or allegations of harassment or other irresponsible use of computing resources should be brought to the attention of the CS computer lab consultants or the CS computer support staff. Master of Science Degree Requirements Complete 36 credit hours of graduate course and research work. Curriculum must include a total of 28/32 hours of graduate (400 level and 500 level) coursework, as well as an MS Project or MS Thesis. Students coursework must include at least three Computer Science courses, including at most one 594 Special Topics course and excluding independent study, project or thesis research hours 597 598 or 599). Note that only one 5 offering can be counted toward the MS degree. Students electing the MS Project option must register for four (4) hours of CS 597 Project Research); students electing the MS Thesis option must register for eight (8) hours of CS 598 (M. S. Thesis Research). The remainder of the 36 hours must be satisfied with course work requirement. Students are allowed to petition to take courses outside of the Computer Science department in order to enhance their ability to work with specialists in other domains. A maximum of 8 hours of graduate course work is allowed and must be approved by the Director of Graduate Studies (D6S). Course selection is supervised by a faculty advisor. Students are assigned temporary faculty advisors at the time of admission. A permanent advisor should be selected as they progress in their program and identify an area of interest. In addition to the above requirements, students accepted with limited standing status must also complete any deficiencies within the set time as assigned by the department. Conditions of these deficiencies and time limits are listed in the admission letter. Please refer to the section on General Graduation Guidelines. Additional Requirements Academic performance. All graduate students are required to maintain a 3. 0 (B) grade point average (excluding CS 597 and 598). All individual graduate courses must e satisfied by a C grade or higher. If a students GPA falls below 3. 0 (B), the Graduate College will issue a letter of warning of academic probation for a specified period of time. Failure to comply with the terms of the probation letter will likely result in expulsion from the Graduate College. A student on probation or limited standing is ineligible for department awarded financial aid, recommendation letters for F-1 practical training, or graduation. Time Limitation. All degree requirements must be completed within five years of initial registration in the degree program. Different ime allowances apply to students on time-limited visas. Students who fail to graduate within tlve years will be dismissed trom the Graduate College tor tailure to progress. Registration. MS students who have completed all course credit requirements, except the thesis or project requirement, are not required to register during regular semesters. Registration is required if a student plans to use any university facilities. Students on a time-limited visa must petition to register for zero hours every semester (excluding summer) until they graduate. Complete details are available in the Office of International Services. Consult the I-JIC graduate catalog for additional registration regulations. Residency. At least 24 hours of graduate work required for the MS degree must be earned as a degree candidate at the University of Illinois at Chicago. Transfer of Credit Hours. After admission to the MS program, students may petition to transfer a maximum of 9 semester hours earned outside the university. A transcript showing the courses and grades, and course syllabi must accompany the petition. Upon request, the student must also provide an official letter from the university stating the courses were not used to satisfy any prior degree requirements. Students moving from non-degree to degree status may petition up to 12 semester hours of credit earned at I-JIC. Only graduate level courses in which a grade of A or B was earned will be eligible for transfer. 0 Master of Science Thesis Information The MS Thesis Option is designed for graduate students with an interest in Computer Science research, and is strongly advised for students who are considering going on to pursue the Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) program in Computer Science. Students electing this option conduct original research under the close supervision of a faculty member, culminating in the writi ng of a Master of Science thesis. At the completion of the thesis, the student presents a thesis defense to a Thesis Committee consisting of at least three faculty members, who are responsible for reviewing and evaluating the research work. Thesis students are strongly encouraged to publish their original research in professional Journals and to present their work at professional conferences. MS Thesis Guidelines Select a thesis advisor and discuss thesis research areas and expectations. All CS assistant, associate, full professors and adjunct faculty are eligible to serve as a primary thesis advisor. The majority of the thesis committee should hold at least a 0% appointment in the CS department, and at least one member of the committee must be a tenured faculty member. Under your advisors direction, register for 8 hours of CS 598 and conduct the thesis research. Students who are required to maintain a minimum number of hours of registration may register tor more hours ot CS 598, but no more than credited toward the degree. Select a thesis committee with your advisor and obtain each committee members agreement to serve on the committee. Provide committee members with a copy of the thesis and arrange a mutually acceptable date for the thesis defense. Submit the Committee Recommendation Form to the Student Affairs Office at least three weeks prior to the scheduled examination date. The form is available on-line at http:// grad. uic. edu/pdfs/CommRecForm. pdf. The Graduate College will generate an examination report and two thesis certificates of approval (red-bordered forms). The Student Affairs office will inform you upon the receipt of the forms; the forms can then be picked up from Room 905 SEO prior to the defense date. After the defense, see the staff in Room 905 SEO to verify all the graduation requirements have been met. See General Graduation Guidelines section for details. Format Guidelines Thesis and dissertation format guidelines are described in detail in a Thesis Manual published and available on the Graduate College website (http://grad. ic. edu) under Graduate Forms Publications. The defended and approved thesis must be submitted to the department for a format check one week prior to the deadline set by the Graduate College. 11 Master of Science Project Information The MS Project Option is designed for graduate students who are interested in demonstrating their training in the form of a substantive, capstone project. The s tudent undertakes the project under faculty supervision, culminating in the development of both the project and a written description of the project in the form of a MS Project report. Both the project work itself and the project report must demonstrate a high level of professional skill. MS projects and project reports are reviewed by a committee of two faculty members (the students advisor serves as the primary committee member), but do not require a formal presentation or defense of their work. MS Project Guidelines Select a project advisor and discuss project proposals and expectations. All CS lecturers, assistant, associate, full professors and adjunct faculty are eligible to serve as a primary advisor and secondary committee member. Secondary committee member can also be a full-time faculty member at I-JIC (non-CS faculty or adjunct faculty); however they have to be pre approved by the primary advisor and D6S. One of the committee members should hold at least a 50% appointment in the CS department. In the semester the student intends to conduct their project research, the student must register for 4 hours of CS 597 under the advisors call number listed in the timetable. Students who are required to maintain a minimum number of hours of registration may register for more hours of CS 597, but no more than 4 will be credited towards the degree. Submit a final project report and the Certificate of Approval form to your advisor at least one week prior to the published deadline. Form available at https:// grad. uic. edu/pdfs/CertificateofApprovalMAproJect. pdf. Provide your secondary committee member with a duplicate copy. Both committee members must sign the Certificate of Approval form. The signed form and the final project report should then be submitted to the Student Affairs Office (905 SEO). Your project report should be a technically-focused and carefully written document. Consult your advisor as they may have guidelines for formatting or other requirements for the project report. While there are no official format guidelines for project reports, at the minimum it should contain the following: o Cover page (including title, name, advisor secondary committee member information and semester of graduation UIN) o Abstract o Table of Contents o Introduction, chapters, conclusion and appendix/cited literature o Begin each chapter and section on a new page Ensure that all changes for incomplete or deferred grades are submitted. The instructor who originally assigned the IN, DFR or NR must complete a Supplemental Grade Report. Certain cases require a petition. 12 Doctor of Philosophy Degree Requirements Complete 108 semester hours beyond the baccalaureate degree. Coursework requirements Student admitted with prior masters degree in CS or a related field: Must complete a minimum of 28 hours of credit in graduate course work, 16 hours of which must be CS course work at the 500 level excluding (CS 597, 598, 599). Any course that is nearly equivalent to one taken in the masters program earlier will not earn PhD credit. Credit earned in any 596 (Individual Study) may not be applied toward the PhD degree. Note that at most two 594 offerings can be counted towards the course work requirements, but only one offering of CS 594 can count toward the requirement for 500-level course work. Graduate College provides 32 hours of credit for the prior MS degree. Student admitted directly after bachelors degree in CS or a related field: Must complete a minimum of 48 hours of graduate course work with at least 28 hours of which must be CS course work at the 500 level (excluding CS 597, 598, 599). course work. Dissertation hours requirements Candidates must earn CS 599 credit of at least 48 hours beyond masters degree and at least 60 hours beyond bachelors degree. PhD Qualifying Examination Pass the Qualifying Exam within the first three semesters of enrollment. The first attempt must be made by the second semester. If a second attempt is needed, it must be made at the next consecutive offering. Time spent on an approved leave of absence does not forestall the first attempt. Students with a GPA of less than 3. 0 (B) are not permitted to appear for the examination. See the PhD Qualifying Exam Information section of the manual for detailed information on this requirement. Preliminary Examination Pass an oral preliminary examination on the proposed dissertation topic. This examination is administered by a Graduate College approved faculty committee and chaired by the students advisor. Students must pass the preliminary examination one-year prior to their final defense. If a final defense is held within a year of the preliminary exam, a petition has to be submitted. Demonstrate a capacity for independent research on an original dissertation topic within the major field of study. Research is performed under the supervision of an advisor and orally defended before a faculty committee consisting of at least five

The Florentine Renaissance Essays

The Florentine Renaissance Essays The Florentine Renaissance Essay The Florentine Renaissance Essay In Florence, and also in the surrounding cities, the Renaissance was a time of awakening and rebirth. A time of examining the present and looking towards a future that would turn out to seem entirely different from the past, but at the same time hold striking similarities. How was this possible? The transformations in Florence began with new attitudes and new priorities in the minds of her citizens. At the beginning of the period that we call the Renaissance, many cities may have seemed very much alike. Most had similar economic structures, architecture, and trades. But some cities in Italy, especially Florence, were different: The towns often had Roman origins, and to a degree survived the social disorder of the barbarian invasions of the earlier middle ages. Not only was physical infrastructure often in place, but also the glue which gave order to civic arrangements, in form of the hardy survival of Roman law. Each town had its myth of origin, which not surprisingly usually fea tured a picture of a Roman, in the case of Florence usually Julius Caesar of the emperor Augustus. (12).Florence had a very strong history that had obvious influence on daily life. Therefore, even while Renaissance ideas and art began to take over, the foundations of the city were never lost or forgotten. Rather, the old was incorporated into the new.Florence was steeped in her Roman origins and her Christianity, both playing to full effect when dressed in the rhetoric of cultural supremacy. (20). Florentines were proud of their roots and their contemporary culture, and they demonstrated this in sometimes chaotic ways. We also know that religion was what made the city turn. Florentines lives were focused around Christianity. Religion saturated Florentine life to an extent that few questioned. (32). This attitude of revolutionizing their culture while at the same time maintaining long-he

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Organizational Culture - Essay Example Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. The authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company whe re its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and fosters teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. ... Recognizing Organizational Culture in Managing Change Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. T he authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company where its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and foster teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. After initiating such reforms towards positive organizational culture, the authors found out that shifting an established organizational culture is a challenging activity that requires utter

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Employment loyalty on rhythm - Essay Example I am very interested to find out what drives employee loyalty and commitment considering the fact that the company and its sector are at a disadvantage in the areas of stability, resources, among other advantages that bigger companies enjoy. Rabin (2003) extensively discussed loyalty and its effect on organizational behavior. According to him, along with the identification with an organization, employee loyalty represents an individual and psychological bond between an employee and an organization. (p. 867) That is why it is pivotal in overall strategy of companies to produce value for consumers, achieve competitive advantage and, eventually, achieve profitability. Needless to say, such fact has driven numerous studies and research. As a result, the corpus of literature on the subject is quite extensive and comprehensive. Specifically, the subjects include works about how employee loyalty contributes to an organizations’ competitiveness, how it reflects the organization, measurement and evaluation of employee loyalty, among other issues. Some of the studies undertaken in regard to employee loyalty that are relevant in this paper’s objectives are outlined below: 1. Swayne, Duncan and Ginter (2006) explained how employee loyalty could determine the kind of culture and values an organization has. According to him, this aspect helps consumers determine whether the firm has an outstanding quality in service delivery because loyal employees mean companies who know how to value people. (p. 185) Loveman (1998) used the service profit chain framework in his effort to link employee satisfaction and loyalty to customer satisfaction and financial performance. The author underscored that the framework hypothesized relationships between employee, customer and financial outcomes. The emphasis on these three elements makes this framework an interesting resource for

Dove and Axe Campaigns Controversy

Dove and Axe Campaigns Controversy Unilever: Axe / Dove Controversy Unilever is a leading multinational corporation which was formed by Anglo-Dutch cooperation in 1930 as a result of merging the Soap maker Lever brother and Dutch company Margarine Unie. The merger resulted to a large export of palm oil product which promoted the growth of the company. The Company has expanded since then opening branches all over the world. It has so many outlets in the world and has a large share of het world consumer product market with several brands in the catalog. The company also owns foods and beverage brands, cleaning brands and other personal care brands. The company has a large work force of more than 180,000 people in the world with revenue of more that US$58 billion. The company was established from Roternd and London companies which also act as the mother companies for all other branches in the world. (Unilever, 2008b) Recently the company has been engulfed in one of the most heated controversy in the history of business world arising from its advertisement. The company has been engaged in a various criticisms before but the recent one seems to have attracted the attention of unlikely quarters from politicians to the human reign activists. It has become a subject to social conversation all over the world due to its mode of advertisement. There have been many blogs in the internet that have been used against the company and its advertisement strategy especially the recent one Axe/dove advertisement which has attracted most criticism even before they make their impact on the market. The market of the two brands Axe and Dove have attracted the advocacy groups who have been campaigning for the need to have commercial-free childhood advertisements. The campaign has in form of writing several letters to the company in order to force it to withdraw the advertisement from the market. What is in the controversy about these products? The dove product advertisement has been used as a marketing strategy that is said to be promoting real beauty. In the advertisement there is a dove that is promising the girls a good care if they use the products. In this regard no one can understand how a dove can promise the girl a good care. The company has however described the advertisement as showing the need to have real beauty rather than acting as an advisement to encourage girls to use the products and has therefore started a campaign that is aimed at funning projects for girl child. But this is contradicted by another advertisement of its products Axe deodorant which has been described as having an effect of ‘epitomizing the sexist and degrading making that has been undermining girls’. This has been shone to be a potential harm to the health development of grid as contradicted to the other advertisement of the Dove which promotes health self-image for all women. (Newman, 2007) The company has been on the defense saying that the Dove brand is meant to show women the need of feel beautiful always which has been expressed by wide way in the today’s stereotyping of beauty and it is meant to inspire women to be taking car of them. For this reason the company has created Dove Self-Esteem Fund that is meant to educate and act as inspiration to girls. On the other hand the Axe campaign shows ‘the mating game’ and expressed the desire of men to get noticed by women. (High, 2007) The above advertisement has been causign a lot of criticisms for the company not only from the civil activists but also from political arena. It has been descried as the higher hypocrisy in marketing and there have been threat of taking of civil action by not allowing the Dove Fund to take seminars to school unless the Axe advertisement is changed. Let us analyze the effect of the advertisement and the impact they may have on the company and its businesses. SWOT analysis of the advertisement Being a large multinational company, there are several advantages that the company can enjoy amid such a criticism of the advertisement. At the same time there are some weakness in the controversy that may make the company lose its credibility in the market and therefore loss of sales. Let us look closely at the SWOT analyze of ht advertisement and their implications. Strengths Unilever is a large multinational company that has been in the market for along time now. In this regard, the company has been able to establish its operation in all the markets ands therefore it has a world wide appeal. Due to the fact that is has been able to operate in many countries, the controversy may not cause any effect on it sales. This is due to the fact that the company is known for famous brands that have been satisfying the needs of the consumers. Therefore there may not be many customers who will be affected by the controversy and who are likely to change their preference of its brands due to the controversy. Therefore the current controversy may not affect its international market though it may affect some of the regions where this campaign is concentrated. Those who are involved in the criticism may not be able to reach all the regions of the world. With such wide of brands in the market, the company sales may not be affected even if it withdraws just one brand in the market. (Pandya, 2001) The company has been able to cut a niche in the market and therefore no any amount of criticism that may destroy its images. There has been a new trend in the market where the value of a product is not evaluated by the level of criticism on the level of support that the products receive but by the level of individual satisfaction on the brand. For this reason a lot of people may not be looking at the controversy that has been created around the brands but they would rather focus on the effect fullness for the brands. Since there has not been any criticism about the product to the consumers, there is likelihood that it will not have effect on the marketing of the product. All the consumers of the brands have not presented any complain to the company about the effectfulnes of the brand and therefore they are likely to ignore any call not to use the brand. There could have been a negative effect on the marketing of the brand if there have been reported physical effects on the users. But the controversy is surrounding the advertisements and therefore it is not likely to have any effect on the marketing. In most cases the marketing of a product is affected by the effects of the particular product to the consumers. If the criticism is based on the health effect of the brands, it may have raised serious concerns about the marketing of the product but the controversy is centered about ‘hypocrisy’ which does not attract the attention for the uses of the products. Another strength that the company has on the position of the brand is in the target consumers. The company is targeting the young people who are likely to be influenced most by the advertisement. The specific target of ‘the mating game’ is one of the most influential things that are likely to attract many young people to the product. It should be understood that these young people do not understand the effects of what you can argue all day on ethics in advisement. They are simply attracted to what they can relate with and what makes them feel like others. Therefore they are not likely to change their perception about the product based on the criticism on the advertisement. (Georges, 1999) Most of those how are involved in the criticism are not within age bracket of the target customers of the products. Most of those who are involve in the criticism of the product are not young and even if they coordinate comparing to send letters to the company not many young people are likely to send their letters. Therefore the strength that the company has on this advertisement is that the target customers are not the one who are involved in the criticism and are not likely to change their perception of the products. This is not likely to have a negative effect on marketing of both brands to the target customers. (Unilever, 2007a) It has also been observed that not all people are in crisis of the campaign. Some have descried it as a genius market strategic that is likely to lead to high sales for the product. Therefore the company is likely to get positive support from those how do not see it in negative view. Weaknesses At the same time that are some weakness that are linked to the criticism that the company has been receiving. There is likelihood that the conflict will affect the image of the product in the market. The strength of the brand in the market depends on the positive notes that it receives from thee market. Positive notes are likely to affect the perception for the brand in the market by all consumers. It has been shown that bad perception on products is likely to have a negative impact on the sales. Therefore the more positive comment that a products receives from the market, the more positive impact it is likely to get from the market. In this regard, the criticism is likely to have negative impacts on the perception of the company in the market. In this sense the customers are likely to change their perception about the products of the company in the market. The company has been enjoying a good perception in the market based on the quality of products that it has been offering to the consumer. However this is changing with time as the consumer become more aware of their rights. one of the characteristic of modern consumers is that they have become more powerful in the market and are likely to have an impact on the way a company makes its sales. Therefore the current criticism of the company may impose a consumer led campaign that is likely to tarnish the name of the company. In this regard, the company is likely to lose a lot in case the consumers change their perception. (Golin, 2007) There is also a likelihood that the current controversy is likely to affect the sales of the product due to the influence the civil activists may have on the company. Most of those who are criticizing the company are parents who have a lot of influence on their children. As such they are likely to influence their children depending on the comments that they make about the products. In this regard they are likely to influence their children not to buy the products with the fact that most of them especially the females are unlikely to buy it. In this regard the brands are unlikely to acquire new customers. The survival of brand in the market depends on the way it attracts, and retains new consumers. With such criticism, the brands are not likely to attract new customers which may have an effect of reducing the overall consumption of the brand. (McManis, 2007) The criticism on the brand may extend it on other brands on the company. Once the costumers changes there perception about the company, they are likely to change their overall perception of the products of the company. In this sense the company may start recording low sales even on other brands. The increased use of information technology and the posting of the comments about the products in the internet are likely to attract the attention of more people which is likely to have damage on the reputation of the product in the market. In this regard there is likelihood of having a worldwide customer changed perception on the brands which is likely to affect their sales all over the world. The ‘onslaught’ videos that have been released on the crisis are likely to affect the operation of the company. Already there is a threat by civil groups that they will stop the Dove-Fund from holding seminars in schools and other area whether the company targets the young people. This is likely to have a negative effect on the programs of the company and in a way may lead to disruption of is normal flow of programs of a failure of the whole program all together. Opportunity There are a lot of opportunities that the company can still exploit in order to market its brand in the market. Already the company has clarified on the intention of the advertisements as being to encourage beauty and give women a reason to be more beautiful and the other being to show mating game and the desire for men to be also clean and attracted to women. In this regard the company has an opportunity to prove its critics wrong by appealing more to the target customer who may be affected by the controversy. The company has already started the Dove-Fund which is taking care of the education for girl. This is one of the opportunities which the company can use in order to clear the air about its products and the criticism that it is getting from the activists. This is because under the program the company would be making a direct appeal tot the consumer rather than the activists. The company should also start the same fund for men in order to embrace the youth. Through close interaction with the youth, the company is likely to presence the brands in the market and helps them to defy criticism of the brands. (Gillete, 2007) There is also an opportunity of the company to change the name of the brand or to change the whole advertising strategy before the brand has devastating effect in the market. In this regard the company can the name of the brand in the market or change the advertising strategies if it sees that the brands are likely to cause negative effects in the market. This will give the company a time to preserve the brands in the market and also preserve the name of the company in face of the rising criticism. The company can also produce another advertisement which contradicts the first ones and which gives a positive message as claimed by the activists. This would be in line with contradicting the issues that have been raised by the activists and to showing the genuinely of the company rather than the hypocrisy as has been expressed by the activists. This will help to save the company from the onslaught by the activists. Threats There are many threats the company may be facing as a result of the advertisements. First it is to be understood that this is no the first criticism of the company and it has been criticized on other areas of being unethical in business. For example the company has been criticized of buying palm oil from dealers who have been destructing forest cover. Therefore there is a threat of the current conflict attracting the attention of the consumer on all other conflicts that have been there about the company. This is likely to have a damaging effect on the name of the company especially at this time when the concept of ethics in business has taken root in consumers. (Moore, 2008) There is a threat of he company making loses on the brand and withdrawing them from the market which may affect the operation of the company not only in the domestic market but also in the international market.

Boo.Com, the Failure

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS; Boo. com, Online Fashion Retailer, Goes Out of Business By ANDREW ROSS SORKIN Published: May 19, 2000 It was supposed to follow the dot-com fairy tale script. Two young entrepreneurs devise an idea for the next big e-commerce Web site, raise enormous sums of cash, spend lavishly on advertising, lose money on every sale, take the company public and make every employee a billionaire. Today, Boo. com, a European fashion e-tailer backed by the French luxury goods magnate Bernard Arnault, the Benetton family, Goldman, Sachs & Company and J. P.Morgan, among others, is insolvent and has been forced to call the liquidators, six months after its Internet debut. The concept for Boo. com seemed plausible enough. Ernst Malmsten and Kajsa Leander, two 29-year-old Swedes, founded Boo. com here in 1998, planning to create an online fashion retailer that would provide global service in seven languages and multiple currencies. And, of course, the site would use the most advanc ed technology. Boo. com bragged of its ability to let users view products in three dimensions from 360 degrees, giving them a true sense of how a garment looked.Investors were so taken with the idea and its two founders — Ms. Leander had been an Elite model and both had started an online bookstore called Bokus. com — that Boo. com was able raise $125 million almost immediately from an elite roster of the extremely wealthy. Before even starting Boo. com, the founders promoted the site in trade journals and glossy fashion magazines. But it was also clear that the founders were excessively ambitious. The company established its headquarters on swanky Carnaby Street in London, with satellite offices in New York, Paris, Stockholm, Amsterdam and Munich.The staff expanded from 40 initially to more than 400. Employees routinely flew first class and stayed in five-star hotels, according to a former staff member. Many were given laptops and Palm Pilots for home use, according to this person, and the company used Federal Express to send regular mail. †They had very little spending restraint, to put it mildly,† said Noah Yasskin, an analyst at the London office of Jupiter Communications, an Internet research firm. The site itself was also plagued by technical problems and delays, and took twice as long as anticipated to evelop. Once up and running, it became clear that users without fast connections to the Internet could not use the site, a point Boo. com boasted about. That e-snobbery alienated customers with more modest modem speeds, which happened to be most of Europe and the United States, Boo. com's two most important markets. †Ninety-nine percent of European and 98 percent of U. S. homes lack the bandwidth needed to easily access such animation,† Therese Torris, an analyst at Forrester Research in Amsterdam, wrote in a report.And anyone with a Macintosh computer could not use the site. While Boo. com later adjusted itself to all ow users with slower connections and Macs to gain access, the changes came too late. Sales for the first three months of the site's operation were $680,000, while the company was blowing through more than $1 million a month. The end came as Boo. com's founders, with only $500,000 left, struggled in vain to find backers to plow more money into the site. ‘We are deeply disappointed that it has been necessary to ask KPMG to become liquidators of the company,† the co-founders and investors said in a joint statement. †The senior management of Boo. com has made strenuous efforts over the last few weeks to raise the additional funds which would have allowed the company to go forward with a clear plan. † Over the last several weeks, Mr. Malmsten and Ms. Leander, who together own about 40 percent of the company, had been pleading with investors to ante up more. According to a spokesman for Mr.Arnault: †He didn't want to take the risk. He would have been willing to stay involved if he could have had more control. † In fact, in an interview in Paris several weeks ago about his Internet holdings, Mr. Arnault refused to discuss Boo. com. Whether Boo. com's failure presages further problems for clothing e-tailers is unclear. But some Internet analysts said Boo. com's rise and fall reflect a problem that goes beyond just selling clothes. . †The market has woken up to the fact that the amount of business e-tailers like Boo. om generate is a lot lower than we anticipated,† said Tony Shiret, an analyst at Credit Suisse First Boston in London. †A key turning point was what happened in the U. S. over Christmas,† he added, referring to many online retailers that reported missed sales projections. †It's been disappointing. † On Wednesday, PricewaterhouseCoopers released a report predicting that 25 percent of all Internet companies in Britain could exhaust their cash within six months. Still, the problems at Boo . com problems were somewhat self-inflicted, Mr.Yasskin said. †They tried to do too much,† he said. †Opening up in multiple countries simultaneously is impossible. † One major stumbling block for Boo. com may simply have been the type of merchandise it was trying to sell. †If you look at successful sites, they are driven by price,† Mr. Shiret said. †It is very hard to sell clothing at a cost base that makes sense without the scale. † Indeed, Boo. com never competed on price like most other retailers; it hoped to woo customers with its interactive services and convenience.Nonetheless, Boo. com might be worth something, even if it is only a fraction of the $400 million value its founders once ascribed to the company. KPMG, which is managing the liquidation process, said today that it had received more than 30 inquiries. In an interview with The Sunday Telegraph earlier this month, Mr. Malmsten admitted he might have made missteps. †We have made some mistakes and we were late with our launch, yes,† he said. †But people are welcome to come 'round here into our offices and see what is going on now. †

Humans Are Naturally Evil

HUMANS ARE NATURALLY EVIL The question regarding to the nature of human beings being related to the word evil has been a topic for controversial discussion and debate among scholars and philosophers alike. According to the ardictionary. com, the word evil is defined as Having or exhibiting bad moral qualities; morally corrupt; wicked; wrong; vicious; as, evil conduct, thoughts, heart, words, and the like ,anything which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives a being of any good; anything which causes suffering of any kind to sentient beings; injury; mischief; harm; opposed to good.It is natural that criminals and villains are presumed evil by the society as the bad deeds are indicated by their crimes. However, how far is the understanding of the society that actually everyone including priests, monks and even mothers are also evil? The word naturally suggest that evil is present in the human beings by nature and that the evil within someone is not influenced by any other factor s besides the natural existence. In other word, humans are all evil and are inclined to organise evil actions. Incomplete intro) The first proof to support the notion that humans are naturally evil is through the tendencies of human beings to commit crimes. According to Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), who is credited with the development of psychoanalytic theory, all humans have criminal tendencies. Furthermore all humans have natural drives and urges repressed in the unconscious. Through the process of socialisation, however, these tendencies are curbed. http://criminology. wikia. com/wiki/General_Theory_of_CrimeThe primary evidence that people are generally evil is evident by the number of wars. Research discloses not only that the genocide was centrally conceived, planned and directed, but that there were some who worked at providing the intellectual rationale for the genocide and the propaganda which justified and rationalized the slaughter. Most countries have experienced their shar e of wars. World War One was the first war that affected many countries such as Serbia, Germany, Britain, France, and North America.It demonstrated for the first time how brutal people can be to each other. This war was fought because of tension between countries for years that blew up in 1914 with the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. The quote, â€Å"Guns don't kill people, people kill people† highlights that machines did not kill all these people, people kill those from different countries in order to further their cause and do not stop unless they are successful. World War One was also known as â€Å"the war to end all wars† obviously this wasn't true. A few years later, another war took place.World War Two demonstrated that people will kill to satisfy themselves. Hitler in World War Two was the main aggressor. He wanted to make his people, the pure Germans, the master race. He was threatened by other countries and wanted his superior to all others. When other coun tries became aware of this, naturally, the war began, killing people by the millions. By the number of wars, we can conclude that the natural human reaction to the threat of war and great power released human evil. Another way to prove the existence of natural evil is via daily activities that humans do.According to Isaac Newton, every action has a reaction. This concept even applies to our daily activities. Humans always disregard the consequences that they consider to be trivial or do not affect them directly. In order to understand this statement, let us take a look at the McDonald – Israel relationship. According to the Chicago Jewish Community Online, McDonalds Corporation whose global headquarters is based just outside Chicago is a major corporate partner of the Jewish United Fund and Jewish Federation.Through its Israel Commission, the Jewish United Fund â€Å"works to maintain American military, economic and diplomatic support for Israel; monitors and, when necessary , responds to media coverage of Israel â€Å". Israel, as the world has already acknowledged, is a nation built illegally on the land of Palestine through wars with the support from United States of America. The rate of consumption of Israel’s product like McDonalds are exceptionally high even though society have acknowledged the evil that the Israeli have triggered upon the Palestinians through the countless wars and discriminations .By refusing to initiate the act of embargoing Israel’s products, the society are directly contributing monetary support for Israel to dominate Palestine and oppressing the Palestinians. People are actually practicing evil because they refuse to conceive the impacts of their actions. As the impacts are not visible, we tend to ignore them. This is clearly unacceptable as by supporting even in a small scale, we are actually permitting evil to be continuously ensued in the world. Humans take Mother Nature for granted. Mankind would take ever ything that she provides beyond their basic needs.In doing so, nature is being stripped to the barren bone in order man could satisfy their undying lust for wealth and power. Man is destroying nature along with the tranquillity and balance of the cosmos. For instance, everyone uses toilet papers. These uses of toilet paper are destroying nature evilly. As more and more companies are going paperless which is a good thing, there is less and less recycled material going into the production of toilet paper. As a result, pulp manufacturing is increasing, requiring the use of more virgin wood – a clean and untreated type that comes straight from forests.With a country using an average of 7 billion rolls of toilet paper a year and a typical tree provides about 1,000 rolls of toilet paper, man is using 7 million trees just to clean after themselves every year. This disaster is never considered as an environmental crime, due to the fact that toilet paper is a claimed necessity. In con trary, toilet paper is not used in required amounts. In fact, the wastage of toilet paper is far beyond the common lay man could comprehend. This monstrous wastage would eventually ravage the earth from its forests.This horrible act is an evil quality mankind towards nature. Some people would still view mankind with hope that man is not naturally inclined to become evil. These idealists would still fight to prove a utopian dream is not entirely impossible. Imagining a world without war, peace in the four corners of the globe and the earth occupied by people who are selfless and pleasant. The claim is that mankind is in fact not naturally evil. Mankind possess a common understanding about positive moral and a natural desire to do what is considered as morally right.Although the interpretation of what is morally good differs from the societies of the world, mankind still stand on common ground to consider that taking a life, lying and stealing is considered as bad. An individual is ob ligated, if not encouraged, to take the necessary precautionary steps to avoid committing such sins. Thus, the consciousness that exists within the social norms of mankind is pure proof that mankind is not naturally evil. However, it is undeniable that evil is still the product of mankind’s nature. A murderer may kill four different victims due to the product of stress and anger.The epic clash between the Trojans and the Greeks were due to the love of Paris, Prince of Troy towards Agamemnon’s sister-in-law. Both World Wars were caused by one man’s ambition to make the world organized under one political administration. The Zionist regime discriminated and denied the Palestinians their due human rights because they claim for compensation of their Jewish ancestors massacred in the Holocaust. The mentioned emotions are actually natural feelings that the common man would experience in everyday life. Many of the sins that man committed throughout history are the prod uct of his natural emotions and instincts.Despite the fact that mankind is capable of doing so much good, human beings are also capable of committing that is far worse. These actions prove that evil is the product of previous evil and genuine human emotions. Determinists have come to the conclusion that we are governed by the laws of science, that there is nothing we can do about ourselves being evil because we naturally are. Evil is simply the act of causing pain. Human beings are born with a natural reaction to â€Å"fear and chaos† to be instinctively evil. We live in a morally fragile world and our moral decisions do not only matter to us.They have consequences for everyone else, and for the world. We have to dig deeper to identify the real world. We are not good as a whole. We are mean to each other. We lie. We cheat. We steal. We don't seem to think this because we just dismiss these things as minor corruptions. Well minor after minor after minor combine, to become majo r. Unless something is changed soon, like we lose our natural instincts, then we always will be. No one wants to hear this, but it needs to be said by someone. Humans are naturally evil. That is what makes humans such fascinating creatures